Side Effects with Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

Key Takeaways:

  1. Technology advancements have made radiation therapy for prostate cancer far less daunting than it was in the past.
  2. Radiation therapy is non-invasive and virtually painless.
  3. Advanced Urology Institute in Oxford, FL offers state-of-the-art radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

Introduction: Changing Perceptions on Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy for prostate cancer has come a long way in the past decade. Patients who have heard stories of their friends’ experiences with older treatments may be apprehensive. However, as one patient describes, “ten years ago, my buddy had this treatment, I’m real concerned that I’m going to go through the same thing.” Thankfully, they quickly learn that their treatment course will be much different, with far fewer side effects, due in large part to advances in technology.

The Treatment Experience: Simple, Pain-Free

One of the primary benefits of modern radiation therapy for prostate cancer is that the treatment is non-invasive and virtually painless. As one patient recounts, “their treatment time comes, they lay on the table, the machine rotates around them. It’s kind of like getting an x-ray. About ten minutes later, they’re done.” The hardest part, they say, is simply getting to the clinic every day. Patients undergoing radiation therapy for prostate cancer are often surprised by its simplicity and pain-free nature.

Targeted Treatment: Minimizing Side Effects

The new technology involved in radiation therapy has been developed to minimize side effects. By focusing the radiation precisely on the target area, side effects caused by radiation damage to surrounding tissues are significantly reduced. Patients treated with the latest technology are less likely to experience the same side effects as those who underwent treatment ten years ago.

Life After Treatment: A Positive Outlook

For many patients who have completed radiation therapy, the overall experience and recovery process is far more manageable than they initially imagined. After completing their first session, patients are often shocked by the ease and painlessness of the treatment, exclaiming “that’s it?” Confident in their decision to undergo radiation therapy, they can focus on their recovery and long-term health with a positive outlook.

Choosing The Right Clinic: Advanced Urology Institute

Finding the right clinic for prostate cancer treatment is essential. Advanced Urology Institute, the largest urology practice in Florida, offers state-of-the-art radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Their expert team, located in Oxford, FL, specializes in providing patients with effective, personalized treatment plans to minimize side effects while maximizing results. Choosing Advanced Urology Institute for your radiation therapy ensures that you will receive the highest standard of care and the most advanced treatment options available.

In summary, advancements in technology have made radiation therapy for prostate cancer treatment far less daunting than it might have been in the past. With cutting-edge techniques that minimize side effects and a focus on patient comfort, those undergoing radiation therapy can expect a positive, pain-free experience. For those seeking treatment in Florida, the Advanced Urology Institute is the premier choice for prostate cancer care. Their Oxford, FL location offers state-of-the-art radiation therapy backed by an expert medical team dedicated to patient success.

Transcription:

So, the patients that come in and say, 10 years ago my buddy had this treatment, I’m real concerned that I’m going to go through the same thing. They’re not going to see and experience the same side effects that a person who had treatment 10 years or later is going to have. Their treatment course is going to be a much different treatment course. Generally, the side effects using the new technology are going to be significantly less than they were with the older technology that we had. So, when patients hear that, they say, well gosh, that sounds really good. In general, radiation therapy for the most part is a painless procedure. It’s maybe some of the side effects that go along with radiation therapy depending on the target that we’re treating. For prostate cancer patients, they’re generally not going to have any side effects that are going to cause any pain. The treatment is going to be painless. The hardest thing they’re going to have to do is basically get to the clinic every day. When they get to the clinic, their treatment time comes, they lay on the table, the machine rotates around them. It’s kind of like getting an x-ray. About 10 minutes later, they’re done. The therapists come in the room and lower the patient on the table. On the first day, the patients normally say, hey, that’s it? And we say, yeah, that’s it. That’s all we have to do. So, they’re generally surprised about the non-invasive, painless treatment that radiation therapy gives.

The Advantages of Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

Key Takeaways:

  1. Radiation therapy offers a host of advantages for prostate cancer treatment, including minimal side effects and the ability to maintain an active lifestyle throughout the process.
  2. The Advanced Urology Institute offers top-notch radiation therapy services to patients in Oxford, FL, and the surrounding areas, providing convenience and accessibility.
  3. It is important to consult with your healthcare team to determine the best course of action for your unique situation, and to take advantage of the expertise of leading specialists at the Advanced Urology Institute.

Introduction to Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy has emerged as a highly effective means of prostate cancer treatment. In contrast to more invasive surgical methods or other approaches, radiation therapy offers a host of advantages, often allowing patients to maintain their active lifestyles throughout the treatment process. In the words of Dr. Michael Chancellor, a board-certified radiation oncologist at the Advanced Prostate Cancer Institute, “If you play golf, you can continue to play golf. If you exercise, you can continue to exercise. There’s no period such as after surgery of incontinence or no period of recovery.”

Minimizing Side Effects and Downtime

One of the key benefits of radiation therapy is the minimization of side effects typically experienced during prostate cancer treatment. Dr. Chancellor observes, “While on radiation therapy, treatment side effects tend to be mild, and the incidence of more severe side effects is actually fairly low.” This means that patients can continue their usual activities while undergoing treatment, including driving back and forth for their appointments.

Maintaining an Active Lifestyle

In contrast to other treatments that may require periods of inactivity or recovery, radiation therapy offers patients the opportunity to maintain their active lifestyles throughout the treatment process. This is a critical advantage for those who rely on regular exercise or other activities to maintain their overall well-being, and it can also help to alleviate some of the stress that can accompany a cancer diagnosis. As Dr. Chancellor points out, patients can continue to enjoy their hobbies, exercise, and engage in daily activities without the need for significant downtime.

Convenience and Accessibility

Radiation therapy for prostate cancer is not only effective but also highly accessible. The Advanced Urology Institute, the largest urology practice in Florida, offers top-notch radiation therapy services to patients in Oxford, FL, and the surrounding areas. This means that receiving high-quality prostate cancer treatment is closer and more convenient than ever before. With radiation therapy, there is no need to travel long distances for treatment or to take extended periods of time off work, allowing you to focus on what truly matters – your health and well-being.

Choosing the Right Prostate Cancer Treatment for You

Ultimately, the decision to undergo radiation therapy should be made in consultation with your healthcare team. It is essential to consider all of the available options and to weigh the potential benefits and risks of each approach. The information provided here is intended to empower you with knowledge and insight into the advantages of radiation therapy, but it is important to consult with your physician and other specialists to determine the best course of action for your unique situation.

The Advanced Urology Institute – Providing Top-Notch Prostate Cancer Treatment in Oxford, FL

The Advanced Urology Institute, the largest urology practice in Florida, is committed to offering cutting-edge radiation therapy services to patients in Oxford, FL, and the surrounding areas. With the expertise of leading specialists like Dr. Michael Chancellor, you can trust that you will receive exceptional care and treatment throughout every stage of your prostate cancer journey. Don’t hesitate to take control of your health – contact the Advanced Urology Institute today to discuss your prostate cancer treatment options and to learn more about the incredible benefits of radiation therapy.

References:

  1. Chancellor, M. (2021). The Advantages of Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Guide on Prostate Cancer Treatment in Oxford, FL. Advanced Urology Institute. https://www.advancedurologyinstitute.com/blog/the-advantages-of-radiation-therapy-for-prostate-cancer/

    2. Chancellor, M. (2021, June 28). Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Advanced Urology Institute. https://www.advancedurologyinstitute.com/radiation-therapy-for-prostate-cancer/

    3. American Cancer Society (2020, October 6). Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer. American Cancer Society. https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/radiation/radiation-for-prostate-cancer.html

    4. Advanced Urology Institute (2021). About Us. Advanced Urology Institute. https://www.advancedurologyinstitute.com/about/

    5. Mayo Clinic Staff (2017, April 27). Prostate Cancer. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prostate-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20353087

Transcription:

Hi, I’m Dr. Michael Chancellor. I’m a board certified radiation oncologist here at the Advanced Prostate Cancer Institute. Some of the more desirable aspects of radiation therapy treatment for prostate cancer as opposed to surgical or other approaches is that a patient is able to maintain most typically his active lifestyle. If you play golf, you can continue to play golf. If you exercise, you can continue to exercise. There’s no period such as after surgery of incontinence or no period of recovery. While your own radiation therapy treatment side effects tend to be mild, the incidence of more severe side effects is actually fairly low. So people are able to exercise, maintain their lifestyle, go about their normal activities while undergoing radiation treatment. And of course, this means being able to drive back and forth for treatment.

How long does radiation treatment take?

Key takeaways

  • Radiotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation to destroy cancerous tumor cells. It can be administered externally or internally, and the length of treatment depends on the type, location, and characteristics of the tumor.
  • External radiotherapy is typically given daily, from Monday to Friday, for five to eight weeks, with breaks on the weekends to allow healthy cells to recover. The length of treatment may vary depending on the specific tumor and the location.
  • External radiotherapy is a painless process that typically takes 30-45 minutes, including set-up time, but the actual treatment only takes 2-5 minutes. The patient lies on a treatment table and is positioned under the radiation machine while special shields or blocks are used to protect healthy tissues.

Radiation therapy delivers controlled, safe and effective doses of radiation to cancerous tumors. The tumor cells are exposed to high doses of radiation that destroy their genetic material and eventually damage or kill them. Hence the cancer can no longer grow, multiply or spread after the treatment. Though the radiation affects all the cells, healthy ones are able to recover fully from the effects of the treatment.

Radiotherapy is generally administered either externally or internally. During external radiation therapy—the most common form of the treatment—a machine is used to direct high-energy rays at the cancer. In contrast, internal radiotherapy (also called brachytherapy) uses a radioactive source that is temporarily or permanently implanted directly into the cancerous area.

So how long does the radiation therapy take?

The exact duration of the treatment depends on the type, characteristics, and location of the tumor.  The length of treatment also depends on the dosage to be delivered, the number of fractions to be given, the treatment plan created by the radiation oncologist, and whether it is external or internal radiotherapy.

For example, if you have a deeper tumor, then you may require a more-focused beam delivered for a shorter period of time. But if you have a larger, shallow tumor, then you may need treatment for a longer period.

Equally, since the radiation must be given in a way that has minimal adverse effects on healthy cells, a shorter length of exposure is necessary if the tumor is located in more delicate organ (like the brain) or is in close proximity to very sensitive body tissues.

Your radiation oncologist will assess your tumor and make the necessary prescription. Then, by working with your radiation oncology team, the oncologist will determine how best to deliver the prescribed dosage, how many treatments are necessary, and how long it should take.

Next, your radiation oncologist will oversee the simulation of treatment to ensure that appropriate dose is given to the right location and that as little as possible reaches normal tissue. The simulation is followed by the testing of the delivery set-up to check the performance and positioning of the equipment to be used to give the treatment. After that, your treatment visits begin with the radiation therapist in charge of administering the daily fractions.

How long does external radiation therapy take?

External radiotherapy is typically delivered daily, from Monday through Friday, for five to eight weeks. Weekend breaks are factored into the treatment schedule to allow healthy cells to recover. Each treatment is offered on an outpatient basis.

But there are exceptions to this schedule.  Some tumors may require treatment for less than five days per week and only need treatment for one to two weeks. Specifically, shorter durations of two or three weeks in length are commonly used in palliative care—the use of radiation to relieve cancer symptoms. Still other tumors, such as certain brain cancers, may require just a single treatment.

External radiation therapy is a painless process and is almost like having a regular x-ray. You’ll be in a room for 30-45 minutes because of the time it takes to set up equipment and place you in the correct position, but the actual treatment takes 2-5 minutes.

Once in the room, you’ll lie on the treatment table. You’ll then be positioned under the radiation machine. Your radiation therapist will place special shields or blocks between the machine and other parts of your body to protect normal tissues. Thereafter, you’re expected to remain still, though you don’t have to hold your breath.

After you’re in the correct position, your radiation therapist will move into a separate, nearby room to turn on the machine and begin the actual treatment. The therapist will watch you on a monitor and you’ll be able to communicate with the therapist through an intercom.

How long does internal radiation therapy take?

Brachytherapy uses radiation implanted inside the body to treat cancer. The radiation implant is placed as close as possible to the tumor in order to concentrate the radiation on the cancer cells and minimize radiation damage on normal tissue around the tumor.  The radioactive material is sealed in a thin wire or hollow tube (catheter) and implanted directly into the cancer affected area on a temporary or permanent basis.

Internal radiation therapy is used when the oncologist decides that the best way to treat the tumor is to expose it to a higher radiation dose. The radioactive implant is closer to the cancerous cells and delivers a higher dose over a shorter period of time. The treatment is ideal for several types of cancers, including breast cancer, brain tumor, gynecological cancer (like ovarian and cervical cancer), lung cancer, and head and neck cancer.

The time taken for brachytherapy and whether it is done on an inpatient or outpatient basis depends on the type of therapy used and the nature of the cancer. In some cases, internal radiotherapy can be completed within three to five outpatient treatments of a few minutes each. But in other cases, the radioactive implant may be left in place for up to a week and there is need for a hospital stay during that period.

Finishing your radiation therapy sessions

It is important to finish all sessions of radiotherapy. And never to miss or delay treatments because this may reduce the effectiveness of the radiation in killing the tumor cells.

You should remember that your doctors are not just bothering you with making several hospital visits. There is need for different sessions because radiation is destructive and should not be delivered all at ago. In fact, if the recommended dosage was to be given once, it would pose a greater risk to healthy tissues and produce more adverse effects.

At Advanced Urology Institute, we spend the necessary time, effort and expertise to design a detailed treatment plan for radiation therapy. We offer the treatment in conjunction with other therapies and with the help of experienced oncologists and a multidisciplinary cancer care team.

We are also committed to reducing the time our patients take in treatment and often implement maximized aggressive treatments when necessary. Contact us today to learn whether radiotherapy is right for you and the various options available for you. For more information, visit the site “Advanced Urology Institute.”

References

What to Expect When Having Radiation Therapy

Key takeaways

  • Radiotherapy is a treatment for cancer that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells. It may be used before, during, or after surgery, and can also be used in conjunction with chemotherapy.
  • A radiation oncology team typically includes a radiation oncologist, radiation oncology nurse, medical radiation physicist, dosimetrist, and radiation therapy technologist, who work together to design and administer the treatment plan.
  • Before radiotherapy treatment begins, a patient will typically be referred to a radiation oncologist, have their medical records reviewed, undergo a physical exam, and have imaging scans to locate the tumor. The patient will then be asked to sign a consent form and a treatment plan will be developed before the first session.

Scheduling your initial radiotherapy session can create concern and anxiety. And of course many are worried and feel overwhelmed. 

At Advanced Urology Institute, we encourage our patients to be partners in the process and to educate themselves about the procedures. We believe that the more you know about radiotherapy before your treatment, the more confident you’ll be to face the treatment and the more likely you’ll play an active role in your recovery.

So what is radiation therapy?

Radiation therapy is the treatment of cancer using focused high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells. During treatment, specific amounts of the radiation are aimed at tumors or parts of the body affected by the cancer.  Once administered, the radiation kills, stops, or slows down the growth of cancer cells.

Radiotherapy may be used before surgery to shrink a tumor to a smaller size. But it may also be used during surgery to target certain cancer cells. In some cases, radiation therapy is used after surgery to destroy the remaining cancer cells.

When paired with chemotherapy, it can help to improve treatment outcomes. And in cancer cases where a cure is not possible, radiation therapy can be used for palliative purposes—to reduce pain, pressure or other side effects of treatment.

While the radiation affects all cells, healthy ones are able to repair themselves and recover their normal cell function after treatment. Alternatively, unhealthy cells, such as cancer cells, aren’t able to repair after radiation.  Hence, the treatment helps to destroy and eliminate unhealthy cells with minimal adverse effects on healthy cells.

What is a radiation oncology team?

Typically, radiotherapy is designed and administered by a team of highly trained medical professionals. The team usually includes a radiation oncologist, radiation oncology nurse, medical radiation physicist, dosimetrist, and radiation therapy technologist.

The radiation oncologist is the doctor who specializes in delivering radiotherapy for treating cancer and who oversees the overall treatment protocols. The doctor works closely with other team members to develop the treatment plan.

The radiation oncology nurse is skilled and experienced in caring for patients receiving radiation therapy. The nurse answers patient questions about the treatment, monitors the patient’s health during the treatment, and helps to manage the side effects.

The medical radiation physicist designs the treatment plan and is an expert in using radiation equipment. To ensure the right doses are administered with accuracy and precision, the radiation physicist is a key member of the team.

And finally, the radiation therapy technologist (radiation therapist) will directly operate the treatment machines such as a linear accelerator during therapy sessions and give the scheduled treatments. Other professionals might include social workers, nutritionists (dietitians), dentists, and rehabilitation therapists, such as physical therapists or speech therapists.

What happens before your treatment?

You’re usually referred to a radiation oncologist when your doctor believes radiotherapy might be an option worth considering. The radiation oncologist will then review your medical records, conduct a physical exam, and order various tests. The doctor then explains your options, speaks with you about the potential benefits and risks of the treatment and answers questions.

If you decide to proceed with radiotherapy, you’ll be asked to grant permission by signing the consent form. Your treatment team will then design the treatment plan before your first session.

Your treatment team will use imaging scans, such as computed tomography (CT), X-ray, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify the tumor location. You’ll then receive small marks on your skin to assist the team in targeting the radiation beam at the tumor.

In addition, you may be fitted with immobilization devices such as tapes, foam sponges, headrests, simply molds or plaster casts. These items will help you stay secure and in the same position throughout treatment. If the radiation is targeting your head or neck, you may receive a thermoplastic mask, which is a mesh mask molded to your face and secured to the table. 

Though it is crucial for your body to remain in the same position for each treatment, your oncology treatment team cares about your comfort and would like to hear your suggestions. So speak up about how you’re feeling. Communicate with the team so you can find a comfortable position every time.

What happens during treatment?

Radiotherapy is generally scheduled for five days a week over a six to seven week period although the treatment can last for as little as two to three weeks if the goal is merely palliative. Over the course of treatment, you’ll receive small doses (fractions) of daily radiation instead of large doses. This helps to best target cancer cells and protect healthy cells in the treatment area. Compliance and consistency is key. It is advisable that you complete all your sessions as scheduled and not miss or delay any treatments. 

Before treatment is administered, your radiation therapy technologist will ask you to change into a gown and lie on the movable bed. The marks on your skin are used to position the machine and table—though you may be positioned using molds, boards or special holders. If necessary, special blocks or shields are used to protect your normal organs. You’ll then have to remain still in that position during your treatments breathing normally.

For each treatment session, you’ll be in the room for 10-30 minutes with the radiation administered for 1-2 minutes of that time. As soon as the treatment begins, the radiation therapy technologist will leave you alone in the room with a closed circuit TV and an intercom. The technologist will see and hear you at all times. So if you think you need to move, just notify the therapist and the machine will be turned off and adjusted.

The technologist controls the machine from outside as treatment progresses and monitors the machine at all times.  The treatment is painless and you’ll not see, smell or hear the radiation. In between your treatment sessions, you’ll need to undergo various tests and checks to confirm that the treatment is going on as earlier planned.

For instance, port films will be taken to ensure the positioning remains as it should be. Weekly blood tests may also be run to check your blood cell counts. Plus, your radiation oncologist will meet with you once a week to assess how your body is responding to treatment. Be sure to tell the doctor of any changes or concerns.

Top-notch radiotherapy services

At Advanced Urology Institute we provide cutting-edge treatments for cancer. Our radiotherapy service is tailored to deliver specifically targeted radiation to precisely target and kill cancer cells.

For more information on radiotherapy and other forms of cancer treatment, visit the site “Advanced Urology Institute”.

References:

Dr. Amar Raval’s Recommendations: Surgery or Radiation for Prostate Cancer?

KEY TAKEAWAYS:

  • Surgery and radiation therapy are two common treatment options for prostate cancer, each with its own set of benefits and drawbacks.
  • Dr. Raval often recommends radiation therapy for older patients or those with medical comorbidities that may limit their ability to undergo surgery successfully.
  • Dr. Amar J. Raval, MD, is a urologist in Tampa, FL, and a member of the Advanced Urology Institute, the largest urology practice in Florida.

Dr. Amar J. Raval and the Decision-Making Process for Prostate Cancer Treatment

Amar J. Raval, MD, is a urologist in Tampa, FL, specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. With a range of treatment options available, deciding between surgery and radiation can be a challenging process for patients. In this article, we explore Dr. Raval’s insights and recommendations for making this important decision.

Surgery vs. Radiation: Weighing the Options

When it comes to treating prostate cancer, surgery and radiation are two of the most common treatment options. Each method has its own set of benefits and drawbacks, making it crucial for patients to carefully consider their individual needs and circumstances before making a decision.

Surgery: The Benefits and Drawbacks

Surgery, specifically radical prostatectomy, involves the complete removal of the prostate gland and surrounding tissues. While surgery can be an effective option for treating prostate cancer, it is an invasive procedure that carries its own set of potential complications. These may include infection, bleeding, and urinary incontinence, among others.

Dr. Raval emphasizes that surgery is not without risks, and patients should be aware of these when weighing their options. However, for some patients, surgery can offer the best chance for long-term cancer control.

Radiation: A Suitable Option for Older Patients or Those with Medical Comorbidities

Radiation therapy, on the other hand, involves the use of high-energy X-rays or particles to kill cancer cells within the prostate. Dr. Raval often recommends radiation therapy for older patients or those with other medical conditions that may limit their ability to undergo surgery successfully.

Although radiation therapy can be a less invasive alternative to surgery, it is not without potential side effects, such as urinary and bowel issues or erectile dysfunction. However, for some patients, radiation therapy may provide a more suitable option given their overall health and age.

The Importance of Patient Autonomy in Treatment Decisions

While Dr. Raval provides his expert opinion and guidance during the decision-making process, he ultimately leaves the choice of treatment up to the patient. Each individual’s unique circumstances, preferences, and values must be taken into account when determining the best course of action for treating prostate cancer.

Dr. Amar Raval at Advanced Urology Institute

Dr. Amar J. Raval is a skilled urologist in Tampa, FL, who is dedicated to providing the best possible care for his patients. As a member of the Advanced Urology Institute, the largest urology practice in Florida, Dr. Raval works alongside a team of experienced urologists who share his commitment to excellence in patient care.

By offering comprehensive treatment options and personalized guidance for patients with prostate cancer, the Advanced Urology Institute ensures that their patients receive the most advanced and effective treatments available in the field of urology.

TRANSCRIPTION:

My name is Amar J. Raval and I’m with Advanced Urology Institute. You know surgery is surgery at the end of the day and it does have its own complications and you’re you know making incisions. With radiation I like to give it to patients who are older who want treatment and also have medical comorbidities or different things that may limit them from being successful from a surgical outcome. But I think it’s again it’s a big conversation to have and ultimately I you know give my thoughts but I leave it up to patients to decide what they want to do.

REFERENCES:

How Has Prostate Cancer Biopsy Advanced with Dr. Jonathan Jay?

KEY TAKEAWAYS:

  • GPS Guided Biopsies offer greater accuracy in detecting and determining the type of prostate cancer, as they can pinpoint the growth more precisely than a regular biopsy.
  • High-quality T3 MRIs, molecular biopsies, and patient follow-up allow urologists to monitor the cancer closely and make better-informed decisions about the need for aggressive treatment.
  • Urologists use tools like rectal exams and prostate-specific androgen (PSA) tests to monitor the progression of prostate cancer and recommend surgery or radiation therapy if the cancer becomes aggressive.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer found in men. The likelihood of it forming in the walnut-shaped prostate organ increases with age. Luckily, there have been many major advances in how prostate cancer is diagnosed and treated. When it comes to diagnosing, board-certified urologist Dr. Jonathan Jay says, “First we must define where it is, how much of it exists within your prostate, and then what its behavior is like.”

Answering the where, how, and what is key to determining the type of prostate cancer and how to watch or treat it. Urologists are using advanced technologies to answer these questions. Urologists want to know how aggressive a cancer is when determining how aggressively they need to treat it. They can use a molecular biopsy and a high-quality T3 MRI to pick up on aggressive cancers. If an aggressive cancer is found, urologists can perform a more focused biopsy.

Dr. Jonathan Jay - Naples, FLThis focused biopsy is called a GPS Guided Biopsy and it has some very important advantages over a regular biopsy. The cancer may exist in a very small portion of the prostate, especially early on. This small cancer can be missed during a biopsy just by a sampling error, leading to a diagnosis that may not give a completely accurate picture of the cancer. But with a high-quality MRI, a guided biopsy can pinpoint the growth and the urologist can detect and determine the type of cancer with greater accuracy.

When the cancer is detected with greater accuracy, the urologist can now follow it more closely and understand what type the doctor and patient are dealing with. The urologist can perform a biopsy on the cancer to look at and understand its genetics. If the genetics show that it is not very aggressive or growing, then the urologist may decide to watch the cancer, as treatment may not be necessary. MRI’s and patient follow up can be used to watch the growth to see if there are any changes that may require more aggressive treatment.

Along with MRI’s, the cancer can be monitored with rectal exams and prostate-specific androgens (PSA) tests. These tools offer insight into the patient’s specific prostate cancer and its progression. If it becomes aggressive, the urologist can recommend surgery or radiation therapy.

A diagnosis is the beginning of a patient’s cancer treatment. At the Advance Urology Institute, urologists like Dr. Jonathan Jay utilize recent advancements in prostate cancer biopsies to provide their patients with the most accurate diagnosis and best treatment options.

TRANSCRIPTION: 

I’m Jonathan Jay, I’m a board certified urologist with Advanced Urology Institute.

One thing I’ve always said about prostate cancer, one you’ve got to be able to define where it is, how much of it exists within your prostate and then what its behavior is like.

So if we take that molecular biology and now we have MRI, T3 weighted MRI that can pick up aggressive prostate cancers and we do what we call GPS guided biopsy, a Euronav biopsy. So for instance, if I were sitting in this room and I’m the cancer, so this room is the prostate and I’m the cancer in the prostate, I could pass a needle through this room 15 times and miss me or just catch my baby toe. So I can miss the cancer just by sampling error. But if I had an MRI that said in this part of the room where I sit is an abnormality and it looks different than the other parts of the prostate and I focus on that, my ability to define and detect that cancer within that room is much higher. So we have the ability to do that. So not only did I detect the cancer in a much better way, but I have the ability now to follow the cancer. So if I biopsy that, look at the genetics of that cancer and it’s not very virulent, I can watch that cancer.

I got MRI which I can use to plot whether it changes in size or character. I can use the molecular biology to tell how fast it multiplies if it’s a virulent cancer. I’ve got PSA and I’ve got my rectal exam. So I’ve got three or four clinical tools for which I can follow that patient. We always talk about risk and benefit of treating any disease and we can watch this disease. If it shows that it’s being virulent or changing its character, then we can take the risk of having surgery or radiation. But we would not take that risk if it’s unnecessary if we saw something that was not changing much over time and a threat to the patient.

REFERENCES: 

2 Effective Treatment Options for Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer can be treated and managed in a number of ways. While the preference of the patient is given priority, it should be tempered with the advice of a trained urologist. A urologist can offer advice on what method is appropriate depending on the age of the patient, the patient’s family history and the natural progression of the disease. The patient also needs to be fully advised of the side effects of any form of treatment before agreeing to undergo the treatment. For any given case of prostate cancer, there are always at least two treatment options available.

1. Surgery

A patient with prostate cancer can choose to have the prostate surgically removed to clear the cancer from the body. The procedure is known as Radical Prostatectomy. It is most appropriate in cases where the cancer is localized and has not spread beyond the prostate. However, even when the cancer is localized, a urologist will determine the progression of the disease before recommending surgery. Low risk localized prostate cancer is unlikely to progress and a radical prostatectomy is unnecessary. On the other hand, when the cancer is aggressive and is likely to result in death if untreated, surgery is definitely the most appropriate choice.

Radical prostatectomy is recommended for patients under the age of 75 , or those with a life expectancy of at least ten years. This is because they are more likely to preserve their sexual and urinary functions after the surgery and they have a stronger chance of outliving any side effects the surgery might have.

2. Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy, or radiotherapy is the use of radiation in high doses to kill malignant cancer cells or slow their development. Unlike radical prostatectomy, it can be used to treat localized prostate cancer and even advanced prostate cancer. It may be applied in combination with other treatment options such as hormone therapy. It may even be applied if a patient undergoes a radical prostatectomy but the procedure fails to eliminate the cancer fully or if the cancer recurs.

Radiation therapy can be administered externally or internally. When done externally, it is referred to as external beam radiation and is very much like having an X-ray. When administered internally, it is referred to as brachytherapy or internal radiation therapy. In this procedure, a radiation implant is placed inside the body near the affected organ. After a while, the implant ceases to produce radiation. The implant, however, remains in the body.

Both radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy are suitable treatment options and choosing between them may seem a little daunting. The professional opinion of a urologist can help by pointing out the finer points of each choice. The patient also may research the subject by reading up on the various options. There are many sites that offer reliable material on this subject.

For more information about treatment options for prostate cancer, visit the “Advanced Urology Institute” website.

Radical Prostatectomy vs Radiation Therapy


Introduction

Radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy are both cancer treatment methods. Radical prostatectomy is specific to prostate cancer and involves the surgical removal of the prostate, either alone or with other surrounding tissues such as the seminal vesicles and some lymph nodes. There are currently various ways in which a radical prostatectomy can be carried out, including robot assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy, open prostatectomy and laparoscopic prostatectomy.

On the other hand, radiation therapy, also known as radiotherapy, is used in the treatment of almost all cancers, including prostate cancer. It involves the use of high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells or to slow their development by destroying their DNA. For radiation therapy to work effectively, it needs to be applied consistently over a period of time.

Choosing between Radical Prostatectomy and Radiation Therapy

The main advantage of radical prostatectomy is that it is arguably a one time procedure. It takes just a few hours to completely remove the affected prostate and the patient is likely to recover fully, albeit gradually and with the monitoring of a urologist. The main disadvantage is that it is appropriate only where the cancer has not spread to other organs outside the prostate. If it has spread, then removing the prostate and leaving behind other affected organs will have no effect at all. In cases where the cancer has spread, radiation therapy may be the more reasonable choice.

Other factors that urologists and surgeons consider before suggesting either procedure include:

1. Age of the patient — Radical prostatectomy is offered mostly to men under 70 years of age because they are more likely to live longer and be able to survive any long term effects of the disease.

2. The natural progression of the disease — Slow progression of a non-aggressive tumor does not lend itself to surgery. This is a case that can be managed by what is called watchful waiting where the disease is monitored constantly but treatment is deferred for a while.

3. The possibility of cure — The goal of radical prostatectomy is to cure the patient of prostate cancer. If for whatever reason it appears that it is unlikely that this objective will be achieved, then radiation therapy or other forms of treatment should be preferred.

Conclusion

It is important to choose the treatment option that works for your body. In order to make the right choice, make a point of consulting a qualified urologist. Reading material on the subject should also be helpful, and sites such as the one operated by the Advanced Urology Institute should be a good place to start.
For more information, visit the Advanced Urology Institute website.

Cryotherapy An Alternative Treatment to Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer

Cryotherapy means using extremely cold temperatures to freeze and destroy cancer cells. Also called cryoablation or cryosurgery — though not actually a form of surgery — cryotherapy relies on the principle that cancer cells are typically more sensitive to freezing than normal cells. So when an area affected by cancer is exposed to the very low temperatures, cancer cells die while normal cells survive the treatment. While cryotherapy can be used to treat earlier-stage prostate cancer, it isn’t used as the first treatment. It is also a great option for treating prostate tumor that’s resistant or recurs after radiation therapy. However, like brachytherapy, this treatment is not ideal for men with enlarged prostate glands.

How is it performed?

During cryotherapy, the doctor uses a trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) to direct several hollow needles (probes) through an incision made on the skin between the scrotum and anus and into the prostate. A very cold (freezing) fluid, such as argon gas or nitrogen liquid, is infused into the prostate via the probes (needles) and used to freeze and kill cancerous prostate cells. To prevent damage to healthy, nearby tissues, the doctor uses the ultrasound to carefully monitor the process and target the tumor with more precision.

Also, to prevent urethral damage, a warm saline solution is circulated via a catheter in the urethra to stop it from freezing. The catheter may be left in place for many weeks afterward to enable the bladder to empty during recovery. Cryotherapy requires epidural (spinal) or general anesthesia. After the procedure, patients may remain in the hospital overnight, although many usually leave on the same day.

How cryotherapy works

Living cells — normal or abnormal — cannot endure extreme cold. That’s why when the prostate gland is infused with liquid nitrogen or argon gas it quickly loses heat, the ice balls or ice crystals swell instantaneously, and the cell membranes rupture, followed by tissue damage and then cell death. After cancer is destroyed, the dead cells and tissues are cleaned up from the body by white blood cells. Also, the body’s immune system is triggered to strike out, attack and destroy any remaining cancer cells.

Cryotherapy provides several advantages over radiation and surgery, particularly in early-stage prostate cancer. It’s a less invasive procedure that can be performed using spinal or epidural anesthesia instead of general anesthesia. This is especially important when treating prostate cancer in older men. It is also beneficial for men with prostate cancer occurring simultaneously with conditions such as lung disease, heart disease or diabetes. Cryotherapy causes less blood loss, pain and swelling, requires shorter hospital stay (1-2 nights) and involves a shorter recovery period. Also, when necessary, cryotherapy can be followed by surgery or radiation therapy.

Effective alternative to radiation therapy

Even with early intervention and prompt radiotherapy, about 30-40 percent of men still experience a return of prostate cancer. Hence, further treatment is almost always necessary after radiation therapy. Cryotherapy is a great option for preventing cancer recurrence or treating recurrent prostate cancer in cases where the initial radiation therapy fails to kill enough cells. The need to use cryotherapy is determined by conducting follow-up PSA tests after radiotherapy. High PSA levels after radiotherapy implies either radio-resistance or incomplete eradication of cancer cells and cryoprobes can then be used to prevent a recurrence, particularly when the tumor is still localized. When used this way, cryotherapy is very effective — freezing the area and killing cancer cells while sparing normal cells. For more information on safe, effective treatment of prostate cancer, visit the “Advanced Urology Institute” site.

Prostate Cancer – Understanding Your Options

Video: Prostate Cancer – Understanding Your Options



There are many treatment options for prostate cancer. Depending upon the stage of the disease, robotic surgery, radiation therapy, cryoablation, hormonal therapy and even watchful waiting are some of the alternatives to be considered. Contact a urologist now and get treatment for this condition as soon as possible. [Read Full Article…]